什么是好的报价?一个匈牙利采购对中国供应商的建议 !
As a sourcing agent and buyer I can tell you what is a good quotation for me: it includes all relevant information! My job is to find a reliable supplier at a reasonable price in the shortest time possible.
It is very possible that I will choose a supplier whose price is a few percent higher but the quotation is complete. That means, it includes: - FOB (!!!) price, with seaport marked! (I often get FOB quotes without location. Obviously for me in Europe a FOB Shanghai price is higher than a FOB Xiamen price, since shipping rates are different).
- delivery time (so far no Chinese supplier was able to keep the promised delivery time for my projects - 90% delay, 10% early)
- package unit (carton details)!!! Carton weight, size, volume, content, material. It is very important!!! Usually this point is simply left out by suppliers. But I - and most full-time buyers - have just simply no time to beg for any details separately!!! If a quotation misses this, I simply delete it. I have no time to ask for these points, but I can only calculate my shipping cost with this info!!!
- payment conditions must be exactly discussed.
I hope suppliers will consider these points in the future. If you include all relevant information, you can really help your partner in his decision. And for the supplier, it is a job done once, you needn't work out each detail separately.
报价技巧
一、因地制宜,考察诚信:
如印度或巴基斯坦的客户喜欢采用30天或30天的远期信用证付款;
二、先报FOB价,再报CIF价 贸易方式(EXW,FOB,CFR,CIF)
A,与同行比产品的价格或性价比; B,与同行比货运、保险费用优势;
三、综合考虑,权衡定价:
A,支付能力、资信程度; B,性格特点; C,产品行业品牌地位; D,灯饰行业淡、旺季; E,订单大小、交易规模; F,经营模式、经营能力; G,做好成本和盈亏核算;
四、实地考察,买家放心
A,实地参观厂房、门市; B,参观实际的作业流程; C,设备实力、技术实力; D,工厂规模、生产规模;
五、专业报价,赢得信赖
A,专业技术参数和工艺; B,专业图纸和相关说明; C,适合市场行情的报价;
六、先充分了解市场信息
A,各地区市场分布信息; B,行业产品的供求状况; C,本厂产品的市场地位; D,所在国政策、关税、外汇管制及国际惯例;
七、立足买家,换位思考
A,考虑客户的实际利益; B,考虑客户的习惯做法; C,考虑客户的政治文化北景; D,详细了解买家的现有需求和表面需求; E,挖掘买家对物流方案、设计能力、配套; F,服务能力等方面的潜在需求; G,了解买家的兴趣所在,如:热销产品,新颖产品,低价产品,性价比高产品,投资回报率高的产品,希望长期升展贸易合作等等。
八、有效沟通,知己知彼 (训练具有专业、纯正的素质)
A,沟通方式:电话、传真、邮件、聊天工具、面对面洽谈等; B,沟通过程中表达要简洁、明确、严谨、专业、富于针对性; C,沟通过程中要突显本工厂及产品独一无一的优越性或独特卖点; D,回复客户要及时和诚恳,讲究诚信。对于不便回答或一回难于回答的问题,也要说明原因 E,建立潜在客户资料及跟进记录档案;
九、定期催促,及时提醒 如:为什么客户对你的报价或寄样没有回复?
A,对你的样品不满意,或对方了更好的替代品; B,你的样品还正在寄送的途中,或正在检测过程中; C,虽然对方已将你的样品资料归档,只是没有及时回复你而已; D,对方的作用模式严谨,或拖沓冗长; E,对方是新起步公司,或产品为新项目; F,看对方询价是否有诚意,要求寄样是否具有针对性,不会像有的客户那样为了收集样品,表现出对很多样品感兴趣,询价和寄样的要求一提就是一大堆。